Q: How can I tell the difference between a normal rash and eczema?

Answered by: Dr Anthony James Mansul, Consultant Paediatrician & Clinical Head of Paediatric Service at Prince Court Medical Centre.

Eczema is a dry, itchy skin condition that usually has a genetic predisposition. It is due to an aggressive immune system reacting to some form of irritant. In children, it is normally dairy products or eggs.

Childhood eczema normally starts during the first few months of life – usually beginning on the cheeks and may progress to the insides of the elbows and knees. At its worst, it can affect the whole body. Eczema will come and go – making it very frustrating to treat. It can also be difficult to distinguish from a cradle cap or baby dandruff (normally found on the scalp, ears, neck and sides of the face).

For eczema, when you run your fingers over the affected areas, you will find the skin is damaged – it will be red, dry, thick, and rough. Infections can develop – resulting in the rash having a watery and yellow crust to it.

In contrast to a normal heat rash, the skin may often be red, but the texture will feel normal and smooth. Do note that in severe heat rash cases, it can be difficult to differentiate from eczema – challenging even for experts.