Is your child forgetful, unmotivated, or prone to daydreaming? Do they seem to “zone out,” lose interest quickly, or struggle with focus—especially in school? These behaviours could be related to what some researchers refer to as Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) or Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS).

While not officially recognised as a formal diagnosis in medical manuals like the DSM-5-TR, SCT continues to gain interest among researchers and clinicians. It’s viewed as a distinct cluster of symptoms that often overlaps with ADHD but may require a different approach to support and intervention.

SCT VS ADHD: What’s the Difference?

The symptoms of SCT can sound very similar to those of ADHD—particularly the inattentive type—but there are key differences:

Common SCT symptoms:

• Daydreaming or appearing “spacey”
• Sluggishness or frequent drowsiness
  Easily bored or confused
  Slow processing of information
• Low motivation and energy levels
• Trouble initiating or completing tasks 

Common ADHD (Inattentive type) symptoms:

• Poor attention to detail
  Difficulty organising tasks or following through
• Distractibility and forgetfulness
  
• Avoidance of tasks requiring sustained focus 

The main difference? Children with SCT are often described as quiet, dreamy, and withdrawn, while those with ADHD may appear more distracted, impulsive, or hyperactive—depending on their subtype. However, SCT and ADHD can also co-occur, adding complexity to diagnosis and treatment.

What Parents Should Know

If your child is showing signs of attention, memory, or motivation challenges, it’s important not to jump to conclusions. Similar symptoms could also stem from:

• Sleep disorders
• Learning disabilities
• Anxiety or depression
• Medical conditions like hypothyroidism 

Start by visiting your paediatrician, who may recommend a referral to a psychologist or developmental paediatrician for a comprehensive evaluation. This may include parent and teacher checklists, behavioural observations, and cognitive testing.

4 Parent-Approved Ways to Support Focus & Motivation

Whether your child is navigating ADHD, SCT, or simply adjusting to academic or emotional demands, here are evidence-based strategies you can try at home:

1. Brain Exercises

Play memory games, crossword puzzles, and other fun cognitive tasks that support executive functions like attention, working memory, and mental flexibility. Research shows these activities can strengthen neural pathways when practiced consistently.

2. Positive Self-Talk

Teach your child to reframe negative thoughts with encouraging phrases like:
“I can try again” or “I don’t have to be perfect.”
This builds resilience and motivation, especially for kids struggling with low self-esteem.

3. Relaxation Techniques

Breathing exercises, mindfulness, and biofeedback can help children manage stress and anxiety, which often worsen symptoms of inattention or sluggishness. Make it part of a calming bedtime or study routine.

4. Reward Systems

Celebrate small wins with sticker charts, screen time bonuses, or special activities. Research shows that positive reinforcement works better than punishment, especially for children with attention or motivation challenges.

You don’t have to watch your child struggle in silence. Whether your child is diagnosed with ADHD, shows signs of SCT, or is simply having a tough time staying focused, early intervention and consistent support can make a lasting difference.